Hydrology
Shahrokh Norallahi; A. Asghari Moghaddam; Fijani Elham; Rahim Barzegar
Abstract
In recent decades, due to growth of population and qancequently increasing demand for drinking, agriculture and industry purposes has led to consider the groundwater as the most important resource of water in the area. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the quality of the groundwater in the ...
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In recent decades, due to growth of population and qancequently increasing demand for drinking, agriculture and industry purposes has led to consider the groundwater as the most important resource of water in the area. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the quality of the groundwater in the area, along with its quantity. The objectives of this study are to investigate the possible origin of some heavy metals in the groundwater of Mashgin-Shahr plain using multivariate statistical methods including cluster analysis and factor analysis along with correlation coefficient as well as identification of factors affecting groundwater quality in the area. For this purpose, 25 groundwater samples were collected in October 2016, and measured with respect to pH, electrical conductivity, major (calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, sulfate, carbonate, and bicarbonate) and minor (nitrate, fluoride and silica) ions and some heavy metals/metalloid such as iron, manganese, aluminum, zinc, chromium, copper, cadmium, lead and arsenic. The analyzes show that processes such as weathering and dissolution of evaporatic and silicate formations, ion exchange and agricultural activities are effective on the groundwater quality of the area. The results of multivariate analysis show that most of the heavy are originated from volcanic formations in the area and salinity and acidity play an important role in releasing them into the groundwater. Factor analysis indicates that geogenic processes with a total of 79.9 % of variance and anthropogenic factors with a total of 6.6 % of variance control the groundwater chemistry.
Hydrology
Somayeh Esmaeili; Rahim Barzegar; Naeimeh Kazemian
Abstract
Qareh-Ziaeddin plain is located in the West Azarbaijan province, Northwest of Iran. The aim of this study is to investigate the effective factors and processes on the groundwater chemical quality of Qareh-Ziaeddin plain. For this purpose, 20 water samples were collected from groundwater resources in ...
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Qareh-Ziaeddin plain is located in the West Azarbaijan province, Northwest of Iran. The aim of this study is to investigate the effective factors and processes on the groundwater chemical quality of Qareh-Ziaeddin plain. For this purpose, 20 water samples were collected from groundwater resources in November 2016 and the concentration of the major ions, nitrate and silica was measured. Also, the pH and electrical conductivity of the samples were measured in the field. In this study, different bivariate and hydrochemical diagrams, chloro-alkaline index, saturation index and inverse modeling were used to achieve the mentioned goal. The results of the bivariate diagrams show that the saltwater intrusion from irrigation return flows, cation exchange, weathering and dissolution of rock minerals specially carbonates, silicates, gypsum and halite, and evaporation process, in a small amount, are the effective factors on the chemical quality of the groundwater in the study area. The calculated Chloro-alkaline indices indicate that these indices are negative in all samples, which reveal the normal ion exchange. The water samples are super-saturated with regards to the carbonate and quartz minerals, whereas are under-saturated with respect to the sulfate and halite minerals. The results of inverse geochemical modeling confirm weathering and dissolution of the carbonate, sulfate and halite minerals and ion exchange in different parts of the aquifer.